Keywords
groundwater
vulnerability
abstraction
aquifer
Salatiga Groundwater Basin
How to Cite
Abstract
DOI:10.17014/ijog.7.2.215-224
Salatiga Groundwater Basin (SGB) is located in Java Island, Indonesia. Administratively, it covers Semarang Regency, Salatiga City, and Boyolali Regency. Industry and community use groundwater to fulfil their daily need. Increasing number of deep wells that extract groundwater will cause some environmental problems, such as lowering groundwater level and subsidence at SGB. Thus, there is a need to assess the adverse impacts of groundwater abstraction. Risk assessment of groundwater vulnerability due to abstraction is the goal of this study. The research method was taking account of weighting of geological parameters, such as response characteristics of the aquifers, characteristics of aquifer storage, aquifer thickness, piezometric depth, and distance from the shoreline to conduct the groundwater vulnerability mapping. It was then overlaid on a map of regional spatial plan to develop the map of vulnerability risk due to abstraction. The groundwater vulnerability due to abstraction is categorized in the medium level. After being overlaid by the land use map, the risk of groundwater vulnerability due to abstraction is classified into three kinds, which are low, medium, and high. Regions with a low class can be neglected. Areas with moderate risk require an exhaustive review of technical requirements of the use of borewell. Areas with high-risk need a comprehensive consideration to use artesian wells by monitoring wells with drill licenses, tightening the permit to add new production wells, and conducting periodic review of groundwater monitoring.
References
Albinet, M. and Margat, J. 1970. Cartographie de la vurnabilite a la pollution des nappes d’eau souterraine. Bulletin Bureau de Recherche Geologiques et Minieres, 2nd , 3 (4), p.13-22.
Al-Quadah, K. and Abu-Jaber, N., 2009. A GIS Database for Sustainable Management of Shallow Water Resources in the Tulul al Ashaqif Region, NE Jordan. Water Resources Management, 23, p.603-615. DOI:10.1007/s11269-008-9290-4
Arnell, N.W., 1999. Climate Change and Global Water Resources. Global Environmental Change, 9, p.S31-S49. DOI:10.1016/S0959-3780(99)00017-5
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Boyolali, 2014. Boyolali Regency in Figure. Boyolali.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Semarang, 2014. Semarang Regency in Figure. Semarang.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Salatiga, 2014. Salatiga Regency in Figure. Salatiga.
Baker, M.E, Wiley, M.J., and Seelbach, P.W., 2007. GIS‐based hydrologic modeling of riparian areas: implications for stream water quality. The American Water Resources Association, 37, p.1615-1628. DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb03664.x
BAPPEDA Kabupaten Boyolali, 2010. Map of Land use spatial planning in Boyolali Regency 2010-2030 scale 1:100.000.
BAPPEDA Kabupaten Semarang, 2010. Map of Land use spatial planning in Boyolali Regency 2010-2030 scale 1:100.000.
BAPPEDA Kota Salatiga, 2010. Map of Land use spatial planning in Salatigai City 2010-2030 scale 1:100.000.
Chenini, I., Mammou, A.B., and May, M.E., 2010. Groundwater Recharge Zone Mapping Using GIS-Based Multi-criteria Analysis: A Case Study in Central Tunisia (Maknassy Basin). Water Resources Management, 24, p.921-929. DOI:10.1007/s11269-009-9479-1
Chowdary, V.W., Ramakrishnan, D., Srivastava, Y.K., Chandran, V., and Jeyaram, A., 2009. Integrated water resource development plan for sustainable management of Mayurakshi Watershed, India using remote sensing and GIS. Water Resource Management, 23, p.1581-1602. DOI: 10.1007/s11269-008-9342-9
Dinas Pertambangan dan Energi Provinsi Jawa Tengah, 2005. Study potency of the Salatiga groundwater basin.
Ghayoumian, J., M.M. Saravi, S. Feiznia, B. Nouri, and A. Malekian, “Application of GIS techniques to determine areas most suitable for artificial groundwater recharge in a coastal aquifer in southern Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Science, 30, p.364-274. DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.11.002
GW-MATE, 2005. Groundwater Management and Protection. New York: The World Bank Group.
Howard, K.F., 2007. Urban Groundwater - Meeting the Challenge. London, UK: Taylor & Francis Group.
Jha, M.K., Chowdhury, A. Chowdary, V.M., and Peiffer, S., 2007. Groundwater management and development by integrated remote sensing and geographic information systems: prospects and constraints. Water Resource Management, 21, p.427-467. DOI:10.1007/s11269-006-9024-4
Margat, J., 1968. Vulnerabilite des nappes d’eau souterraine a la pollution. Bureau de Recherche Geologiques et Minieres Publication, 68, SGL 198 HYD, Orleans, France.
Margat, J., 2007. L’hydrogeologie. Geochronique, 107, De la Geologie aux Geosciences, p.45- 46, Paris.
Pardo, C.S., 2009. Risk management in the urban water cycle: climate change risks urban water security: managing risks. In: Jiménez, B. and Rose, J. (eds.), Urban water series, 5. UNESCO-IHP & Taylor & Francis, Leiden: The Netherland. DOI:10.1201/9780203881620
Putra, D.P.E. and Indrawan, I.G.B., 2014. Assessment of Aquifer Susceptibility due to Excessive Groundwater Abstraction. ASEAN Engineering Journal, C (3), p.105-116,
Putranto, T.T., Hidajat, W.K., and Susanto, N., 2016. Developing groundwater conservation zone of unconfined aquifer in Semarang, Indonesia. Proceedings, International Conference on Tropical and Coastal Region Eco Development (ICTCRED), p.1-9. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/55/1/012011
Sukardi and Budhitrisna, T., 1992. Geological Map of the Salatiga Sheet, Java, Scale 1:100.000. Geological Research and Development Centre, Bandung.
Thanden, R.E., Sumadirdja, H., Richard, P.W., Sutisna, K., and Amin, T.C., 1996. Geological Map of the Semarang Magelang Sheet, Java, scale 1:100.000. Geological Research and Development Centre, Bandung.
Witkowski, A.J., Kowalczyk, A., and Vrba, J., 2007. Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment and Mapping: selected papers from the Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment and Mapping International Conference: Ustron, Poland. Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK. DOI:10.1201/9781482266160