Keywords
tectonostratigraphy
continent
phase
Papua
How to Cite
Abstract
Sedimentary history and stratigraphy of the Papua and Arafura Sea areas, eastern Indonesia, are gained from surface geological mapping combined with published data from oil companies. Development of some sedimentary units demonstrates that the tectonism have influenced sedimentation of such units comprising a succession of Phanerozoic rocks developing in a stable continental margin. The succession underlain by Cambrian-Silurian-Devonian metamorphic rocks consists of Tuaba, Kariem, Awitagoh, and Kemum Formation, and Modio Dolomite (Pre-Rift Phase). These rocks having been intruded by Late Permian-Middle Triassic granitoids and Carboniferous granite, are unconformably overlain by Late Carboniferous to Cretaceous siliciclastic-rich units comprising Aifam Group and Tipuma Formation (syn-Rift Phase) and Kembelangan Group (Mesozoic Passive Margin Post-Rift). The Aifam Group is separated by a regionally continuous boundary on its top contact from the Triassic-Early Jurassic Tipuma Formation, which filled the block-faulted rift valley subbasins of continentally deposited red beds in the breakup stage. Regionally, developed erosion surfaces of the breakup unconformity have separated these red beds from generally transgressive post-breakup deposits of the Jurassic to Cretaceous marine sediments of the Kembelangan Group. Beach to shallow marine-glauconitic sandstone and shale of the group pass upward into shelf mudstone. Relative sea level fall related to the tectonic stability of the area led to the development of Eocene to Late Miocene platform carbonates of the New Guinea Limestone Supergroup which occurred in the entire island of Papua and the southern of Arafura that overlie these non-carbonate units (Tertiary passive margin). It is separated from the siliciclastic-rich packages by the Tertiary - Pre-Tertiary boundary. The sea level fluctuation within the group was also recorded during the formation of thin, discontinuous sandstone beds/lenses of Sirga Formation and Adi Member of the Oligocene age (Convergence phase). Turbidite sediments of the Miocene Klasafet Formation was deposited in a deep marine environment at the same time as the eruption of magmatic arc (Compressional phase). The mainland area was exposed above sea level at Late Miocene to Pleistocene (Melanesian Orogeny) and terrigenous detritus deposition began to fill in the basin as molasses type deposits with a marine influence in part (Buru and Steenkool Formations).
References
Amiruddin, 1998. Proterozoic-Cenozoic lithology sequence of the Central Range, Papua. Journal of Geology and Mineral Resources, VII, p.l 0-24.
Amri, Ch.,Harahap, B.H., Sanyoto,P., and Pieters, P.E., 1990. Geology ofSorong Quadrangle, Irian Jaya. Geological Research and Development Center, Bandung.
Atmawinata, S., Hakim, AS., and Pieters, P.E., 1989. Geology of Ransiki Quadrangle, Irian Jaya. Geological Research and Development Center Bandung.
Audley-Charles, M.G., Carter, D.J., Barber, A.J., Norvick, M.S., and Tjokrosapoetro, S., 1979. Reinterpretation of the geology of Seram: implications for the Banda Arcs and northern Australia. Journal of Geological Society, 136(5), p.547-568. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.136.5.0547
Audley-Charles, M.G., 1988. Evolution of the southern margin of Tethys (NorthAustralian region) from Early Permian to Late Cretaceous. Geological Society a/London, 37. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1988.037.01.07
Bailly,V, Pubellier, M.,Ringenbach, J-C., de Sigoyer, J., and Sapin, F., 2009. Deformation zone 'jumps" in a young convergent setting; the Lengguru fold-and-thrust belt, New Guinea Island: Lithos, 113, p.306-317. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.08.013
Boote, D.R.D. and Kirk, R.B., 1989. Depositional wedge cycles on evolving plate margin, western and northwestern Australia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 73(2), p.216-243. doi:10.1306/703c9b13-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d
Bowin, C., Purdy, G.M., Johnston, C., Shor, G., Lawver, L., Hartono, H.M.S., and Jezek, P., 1980. Arc-continent collision in Banda Sea Region. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 64(6), p.868-915.
Bradshaw, M.T., Yeates, A.N., Beynon, R.M., Brakel, AT., Langford, R.P., Totterdell, J.M., and Yeung, M., 1988. Palaeogeographic evolution of the North West Shelf of Australia. Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia, North West Shelf Symposium, Perth, Proceedings, p.29-54.
Carter, D.J., Audley-Charles, M.G., and Barber, A.J., 1976. Stratigraphical analysis of island arc continental margin collision in Eastern Indonesia. Journal of Geological Society of London, 132, p.179-198. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.132.2.0179
Charlton, T.R., Barber, A.J., and Barkham, S.T., 1991. The structural evolution of the Timor collision complex, eastern Indonesia. Journal of Structural Geology, 13(5), p.489-500. doi:10.1016/0191-8141(91)90039-L
Cloos, M., Sapiie, B., Quarles van Ufford, A, Weiland, R.J., Warren, P.Q., and McMahon, T.P., 2005. Collision delamination in New Guinea: The Geotectonics of subducting slab breakoff. Geological Society of America, Special Paper, 400, 51pp. doi:10.1130/2005.2400
Cullen, A.B. and Pigott, J.D., 1989. Post-Jurassic tectonic evolution of Papua New Guinea. Tectonophysics, 162, p.291-302. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(89)90250-3
Daly, M.C., Hooper, G.G.D. and Smith, D.G., 1987. Tertiary Plate Tectonics and Basin Evolution in Indonesia. Proceedings of J(Jh Annual Convention of Indonesian PetroleumAssociation, Jakarta, p.400-425.
Daly, M.C., Cooper, M.A., and Wilson, I., 1991. Cenozoic plate tectonics and basin evolution in Indonesia. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 8, p.2-21.
Davies, H.L., 2010. Shallow-dipping subduction beneath New Guinea and the geologic setting of the Grasberg, OkTedi, Frieda River and Porgera mineral deposits. Australian Earth Sciences Convention Canberra,Abstracts: Geological Society of Australia.
Day, R.W, Whitaker, WG., Murray, C.G., Wilson, I.H., and Grimes, K.G., 1982. Queensland Geology, Acompanion volume to the 1: 2 500 000 scale geological map (1975). Geological Survey of Queensland, Publication, 383, 194p. doi:10.1017/S0016756800030090
Dolan, P.J. and Hermany, 1988. The geology of the Wiriagar field, Bintuni Basin, Papua. Proceedings of J71 Annual Convention of Indonesian Petroleum Association, Jakarta, p.53-87.
Dow, D.B., 1977. A geological synthesis of Papua New Guinea. Bureau of Mineral Resources of Australia, Bulletin, 201.
Dow, D.B. and Sukamto, R., 1984. Western Papua: the endproduct of oblique plate convergence in the Late Tertiary. Tectonophysics, 106, p.109-139. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(84)90224-5
Dow, D.B., Robinson, G.P., and Ratman, N., 1985. New Hypothesis for Formation of Lengguru Foldbelt, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 69(2), p.203-214. doi:10.1306/ad461c82-16f7-11d7-8645000102c1865d
Dow, D.B., Robinson, G.P., Hartono, U., and Ratman, N., 1986. Geologic map of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, scale 1:1000 000. Geological Research and Development Center, Bandung.
Exon, N.F., Colwell, J.B., Williamson, P.E., and Bradshaw, M.T., 1991. Reefal Complexes in Mesozoic Sequences: Australian NW Shelf Region. Proceedings of 2(Jh Annual Convention of Indonesian Petroleum Association, Jakarta, p.51-66.
Exon, N.F. and Wilcox, J.B., 1978. Geology and Petroleum Potential of Exmouth Plateau Area of Western Australia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 62(1), p.40-72. doi:10.1306/c1ea47f2-16c9-11d7-8645000102c1865d
Falvey, D.A. and Mutter, C.J., 1981. Regional Plate Tectonics and the evolution of Australia's passive continental margins. Bureau of Mineral Resources of Australia: Geology and Geophysics, 6, p.l-29.
Hall, R., 1996. Reconstructing Cenozoic SE Asia. In: Hall R & Blundell D (eds), 1996, Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia. Geological Society, Special Publication, 106, p.153-184. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.11
Hamilton, W, 1979. Tectonics of Indonesian region. US Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1078pp.
Harahap, B.H., Hakim, AS., and Dow, D.B., 1990. Geology of the Enarotali Quadrangle, Irian Jaya. Geological Research and Development Center, Bandung.
Harahap, B.H., 1997. The metamorphic Complex of the Central Range of Papua with special reference to the Enarotali Quadrangle. Journal of Geology and Mineral Resources, VII(67), p.l6-25.
Harahap, B.H., 1996. New Age results from the Pre-Tertiary succession of the Yera Anticline, South Central Range of Irian Jaya. Journal of Geology and Mineral Resources, VI(63), p.2-9.
Harahap, B.H. and Sukanta, U., 1996. Tectonostratigrphy of Mesozoic-Cenozoic Pacific Province succession in northern Irian Jaya, Eastern Indonesia. In: Prosiding Seminar nasional Geoteknologi III. Dampak Regionalisasi dan Globalisasi Industri dan Perdagangan terhadap lembaga Litbang. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geoteknologi. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, p.518-538.
Harahap, B.H., Hakim, A.S., and Hartono, U., 1998. Paleozoic to Mesozoic magmatic intrusions in Western Papua. Journal of Geology and Mineral Resources, VIII(87), p.2-13.
Hartono, M.H.S. and Tjokrosapoetro, S., 1984. Preliminary account and reconstruction of Indonesian terranes. Proceedings of 13'h Annual Convention of Indonesian Petroleum Association, p.l85-226.
Herrage, L.F., 1993. Mesozoic and Tertiary Tectonics of Papua: Evidence for Non-Rotation of Kepala Burung. Proceedings of 221h Annual Convention of Indonesian PetroleumAssociation, Jakarta, p.763-792.
Johnson, R.W and Jaques, A.L., 1980. Continent-arc collision and reversal of arc polarity: new interpretations from a critical area. Tectonophysics, 63, p.111-124. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(80)90110-9
Kendrick, R.D. and Hill, K.C., 2001. Hydrocarbon play concepts for the Irian Jaya Fold Belt. Proceedings of the Indonesian Petroleum Association 28'h Annual Convention. October 2001, 1, p.353-367.
KNOC., 1999. General Geological Interpretation of Wokam Block, Irian Jaya (unpublished).
Lunt, P. and Djaafar, R., 1991. Aspects of the stratigraphy of western Papua and implications for the development of sandy facies.Proceedings of2(Jh Annual Convention of Indonesian Petroleum Association, Jakarta, p.l07-124.
Metcalfe, I., 1996. Pre-Cretaceous evolution of SE Asian terranes. In: Hall, R. and Blundell, D., (eds), Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia. Geological Society, Special Publication, 106, p.97-122. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.09
Panggabean, H. andPigram, C.P., 1989. Geology of Waghete (Yapekopra), Irian Jaya. Geological Research and Development Centre, Bandung.
Packham, G., 1996. Cenozoic SEAsia: reconstructing its aggregation and reorganization. In: Hall, R. and Blundell, D., (eds),Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia. Geological Society Special Publication, 106, p.l23-152. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.10
Peck, J.M. and Soulhol, B., 1986. Pre-Tertiary Tensional Periods and Their Effects on the Petroleum Potential of Eastern Indonesia. Proceedings of 151h Annual Convention of Indonesian Petroleum Association, Jakarta, p.341-369.
Pieters, P.E., 1982. Geology of New Guinea. Monographiae Biologicae, 42, p.l5-37. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-8632-9_2
Pieters, P.E., Pigram, C.J., Trail, D.S., Dow, D.B., Ratman, N., and Sukamto, R., 1983. The stratigraphy of Western Papua. Bulletin of Geological Development Centre, 8, p.l4-48.
Pigram, C.J. and Panggabean, H., 1983. Age of the Banda Sea, eastern Indonesia. Nature, 301 (5897), p.231-234. doi:10.1038/301231a0
Pigram, C.J. and Panggabean, H., 1984. Rifting of the Northern Margin of the Australian Continent and the Origin of some Microcontinents in Eastern Indonesia. Tectonophysics, 107, p.331-353. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(84)90257-9
Pigram, C.J. and Davies, H.L., 1987. Terranes and the accretion history of the New Guinea Orogen. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, 10, p.l93-211.
Pigram, C.J. and Panggabean, H., 1981. Pre-Tertiary geology of western Papua and Misool Island: Implication for the tectonic development of eastern Indonesia. Proceedings of 1(Jh Annual Convention ofindonesianPetroleumAssociation, Jakarta, p.385-399.
Powell, D.E., 1976. The geological evolution and hydrocarbon potential of the continental margin off northwest Australia. APEA Journal, 16 (1), p.l2-23.
Pubellier, M. and Ego, F., 2002. Anatomy of an escape tectonic zone: western Irian Jaya (Indonesia). Tectonics, 21, doi:10.1029/2001TC901038.
Robinson, G.P., Ryburn, R.J., Harahap, B.H., Tobing, S.L., and Achdan, A., 1988. Geology ofSteenkool {Waisor)-Kaimana 1:250.000 SheetAreas, Irian Jaya. Geological Research and Development Centre, Indonesia. (Unpublished Geological Data Record).
Rusmana, E., Paris, K., Sukanta, U., and Samodra, H., 1995. Geology ofTimika Quadrangle, Irian Jaya. Geological Research and Development Centre, Bandung.
Simandjuntak, T.O. and Barber, A.J., 1996. Contrasting tectonic styles in the Neogene orogenic belts of Indonesia. In: Hall, R. and Blundell, D., (eds), Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia. Geological Society Special Publication, 106, p.185-201. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.106.01.12
Simbolon, B., Martodjojo, S., and Gunawan, R., 1984. Geology and hydrocarbon prospects of the pre-Tertiary system of Misool area. Proceedings of J31 Annual Convention of Indonesian Petroleum Association, Jakarta.
Smith, R.I., 1990. Tertiary Plate Tectonic Setting and Evolution of Papua New Guinea. Petroleum Exploration in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby. Proceedings of 1" PNG Petroleum Convention, p.229-244.
Struckmeyer, H.I.M., Yeung, M., and Bradshaw, M.T., 1990. Mesozoic Palaeogeography of the Northern Margin of the Australian Plate and its Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration. Petroeum Exploration in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby Proceedings of 1'1PNG Petroleum Convention, p.l37-152.
Struckmeyer, H.I.M., Yeung, M., and Pigram, C.J., 1993. Mesozoic to Cainozoic plate tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of the New Guinea Region, Petroleum Exploration and Development in Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby. Proceedings of 2nd PNG Petroleum Convention, p.261-290.
Tobing, S.L. and Robinson, G.P., 1995. Geology of Fak-Fak, Irian Jaya. Geological Research and Development Centre, Bandung.
Tjokrosapoetro, S. and Budhitrisna, T., 1982. Geology and tectonics of Northern Banda Arc. Bulletin Geological Research and Development Centre, Bandung, 6, 1-17.
Vail, P.R., Mitchum, R.M.Jr., and Thomson, S., 1977. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, part 4: Global cycles of relative changes sea level. In: Payton, C.E., (ed), Seismic stratigraphy-applications to hydrocarbon exploration.American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir, 26, p.83-97.
Visser, W.A. and Hermes, J.J., 1962. Geological results of the exploration for oil in Netherlands New Guinea. Koningklijke NetherlandsMijnbouwkundig Genootschaft Verhandelingen, Geologische Serie, 20.
Weissel, J.K. and Watts, A.B., 1979. Tectonic evolution of the coral sea Basin, Journal of Geophysical Research, 84, p.4572-4582. DOI:10.1029/JB084iB09p04572